Biosphere 2: o experimento no deserto do Arizona (Albert Einstein 2026)

In the middle of the vast Arizona desert, in the United States, there's a structure that seems taken straight out of the pages of science fiction. Inside a massive complex of glass pyramids and towers, spread across 1.2 hectares, stands a tropical rainforest topped by a 7.6-meter-high waterfall, a savannah and a fog desert. It's seemingly a little capsule of Earth, which is why the structure is called Biosphere 2 — named after our own planet, Biosphere 1.
The scenery forms the perfect background for the futuristic experiment that once took place here. In the early 1990s, eight people locked themselves inside, sealed off from the outside world for two years, to explore the challenges of living in a self-contained system — a prerequisite for building colonies in outer space. They fed themselves from the crops they grew, they recycled their own wastewater and they cared for the plants that produced their oxygen.
In terms of sustaining human life, the experiment did not go well. Oxygen levels fell significantly, making the inhabitants sick, while carbon dioxide (CO2) levels increased. Countless animals died, including the pollinators the plants needed to reproduce. And although the "biospherians" did survive on their homegrown food, they lost weight to the point where they became a case study for calorie restriction. When supplementary oxygen needed to be brought in, commentators blamed the project as a failure, calling it a "new-age silliness masquerading as science". In recent years, however, many experts have come to see the Biosphere 2 experiment in a new light, with valuable lessons about ecology, atmospheric science and importantly, the irreplaceability of our own planet.
(Katarina Zimmer. www.bbc.com, 05.07.2025. Adapted.)

Fonte: BBC, 2025-07-05.

The text is mainly about

A) the Biosphere 2 experiment, with its weaknesses and lessons to be learned.
B) controversies between experts about the value of the Biosphere 2 project.
C) the dangers of trying to artificially reproduce Earth's environment and life.
D) the efforts of the research team to survive inside the Biosphere 2 facility.
E) the Biosphere 2 structure, with its glass buildings and wide surroundings.

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Resposta correta: A

A questão pede a ideia central, e o texto percorre o experimento inteiro: descreve a estrutura, conta o que deu errado ("the experiment did not go well") e fecha com o aprendizado ("valuable lessons about ecology, atmospheric science and importantly, the irreplaceability of our own planet"). As falhas e as lições são justamente os dois eixos da alternativa A. A alternativa E fica só no primeiro parágrafo, que é cenário, e a D isola a sobrevivência da equipe, que é um detalhe. A B inverte o texto: não há controvérsia entre especialistas, e sim uma reavaliação posterior favorável ao projeto.

Biosphere 2: o experimento no deserto do Arizona (Albert Einstein 2026)

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