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heightened, benchmark e are provided: tradução em contexto (ITA 2008)

Ethical abuses in the authorship of scientific papers

Problems regarding the order of authorship of scientific papers have become more frequent and more abusive. These problems may have heightened due to the ever increasing pressure to “publish or perish” in the academic world, given that the publication of scientific articles has become the benchmark of success in a field with few job opportunities. This article reviews the abuses in the authorship of scientific papers. Different examples are given of the most common problems and recommendations are provided for authors and journal editors.

Rev. Bras. Entomol. Vol. 51 no. 1 São Paulo, Jan./Mar. 2007

Fonte: Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2007-01.

Os termos heightened (linha 2), benchmark (linha 4) e are provided (linha 6) podem ser traduzidos, respectivamente, como:

  1. A) complicado, símbolo, sugerem
  2. B) aumentado, problema, são sugeridas
  3. C) solucionado, determinante, têm mostrado
  4. D) crescido, referência, são fornecidas
  5. E) diminuído, causa, mostram
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Resposta correta: D

Em “These problems may have heightened due to the ever increasing pressure”, heightened vem de height e indica aumento de intensidade — os problemas cresceram, o que já elimina E (“diminuído”) e C (“solucionado”), ambos contrariados pelo próprio “ever increasing”. Em “the benchmark of success”, benchmark é o parâmetro, a referência pela qual se mede o sucesso; não é um problema, o que derruba a alternativa B, que acerta o primeiro item e por isso é a mais tentadora. Em “recommendations are provided for authors and journal editors”, temos voz passiva de provide: são fornecidas. Repare que só reconhecer a passiva já elimina A (“sugerem”), C (“têm mostrado”) e E (“mostram”), todas ativas — a resposta é D.

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