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Jungles: conector formal insofar as (C1)

The word jungle carries a history that the word forest does not. It arrived in English through colonial administration and it described land that was uncultivated, impenetrable and therefore, in the logic of the period, unused. That description had consequences. Territory classified as waste could be claimed, cleared and improved without anyone's consent, and the people who had managed it for centuries appeared in the record only as an obstacle. Ecologists now describe the same land in the opposite terms: tropical forests regulate rainfall across continents, store carbon at densities no plantation approaches, and shelter species inventories that remain largely undescribed. Yet the valuation is still instrumental. These forests are treated as worth defending ___ they deliver services that can be priced, and the moment a competing land use yields a higher number, the argument collapses. Whether anything can be protected on grounds other than its usefulness is the question conservation economics has been careful never to ask directly.

Fonte: English for ALL (texto original).

Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna do texto.

  1. A) insofar as
  2. B) notwithstanding
  3. C) whereby
  4. D) inasmuch
  5. E) insofar that
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Resposta correta: A

A lacuna introduz uma oração completa e exige um conectivo de restrição com o sentido de "na medida em que", que é precisamente o valor de "insofar as". A forma "insofar that" não existe: a locução se completa obrigatoriamente com "as", e o mesmo vale para "inasmuch", que só funciona seguido de "as". "Notwithstanding" seria concessivo e, diante de oração, precisaria de "that", além de contrariar o argumento do parágrafo. "Whereby" é relativo e retomaria um antecedente nominal, papel que nenhum termo anterior à lacuna cumpre aqui.

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