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The moon: conector formal notwithstanding (C1)

The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 declares that celestial bodies are not subject to national appropriation. It says nothing definite about extraction. ___ this ambiguity, several states have passed domestic legislation granting their companies title to material they retrieve from the lunar surface, on the reasoning that a rock removed from the ground is not the ground itself. Lawyers disagree, and the disagreement is not academic: the south polar craters that hold water ice are few, small and clustered, and the first arrival may establish a de facto exclusion zone simply by operating there. The Moon thus poses in miniature the problem that has defeated every commons regime on Earth. Rules written when a resource is unreachable are rarely tested; rules written when it is contested are rarely agreed. Whether an international framework can be built in the interval between those two conditions is, at present, the most consequential unanswered question in space policy, and the interval is closing.

Fonte: English for ALL (texto original).

Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna do texto.

  1. A) Nevertheless
  2. B) Despite of
  3. C) Albeit
  4. D) Notwithstanding of
  5. E) Notwithstanding
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Resposta correta: E

A lacuna é seguida de um sintagma nominal ("this ambiguity"), de modo que o conectivo precisa funcionar como preposição concessiva, papel que "notwithstanding" desempenha no registro jurídico e acadêmico. "Nevertheless" é advérbio conectivo e liga orações independentes, não podendo reger diretamente um sintagma nominal. "Despite of" é um cruzamento agramatical entre "despite" e "in spite of", e "notwithstanding of" acrescenta uma preposição que a palavra não admite. "Albeit" introduz normalmente um adjetivo, sintagma ou oração reduzida de valor concessivo, e não um objeto nominal desse tipo.

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