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O conector since e o sentido de causa

As perguntas de 4 a 8 correspondem ao texto a seguir: Bife de lomo, or bean sprouts? BUENOS AIRES The discreet rise of vegetarianism in the carnivorous capital of the world VISITORS to Palermo, a well-heeled neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, are used to having their hair primped to perfection and their body fat measured. That goes both for the humans who frequent the trendy boutiques and spas and for the prize Aberdeen Angus cows that arrive at the agricultural show held there every July. This year, the visiting ranchers are preoccupied by the beef industry's informal pessimism index—the share of young cows that farmers slaughter for meat rather than keep for breeding. It has recently hit a three-decade high, owing to recession, drought and government price-controls. To add culinary insult to economic injury, vegetarianism is spreading in Argentina. In the world's most carnivorous country, vegetarians used to be a tiny band of masochists. But when the economy collapsed in 2002, a recently formed Argentine Vegetarian Union gained members, and veggie restaurants sprouted. The main reason is cost. Vegetarian restaurants have lower overheads since they don't need freezers, says Marisa Ledesma, one of the owners of Bio Restaurante, a smart eatery. Now the economy is in recession once again. That seems to have led more omnivores to abandon meat, says Roberto Moyano, the manager of La Esquina de las Flores, the capital's oldest vegetarian restaurant. And as they munch soya steaks, diners relish new evidence of the health benefits of eating less red meat. This year, the industry reckons, the average Argentine will get through 57 kilos of beef. That is down from 68 kilos last year, but it still means many more asados than the 41 kilos scoffed by Uruguayans, the world's second-biggest beef-eaters. Barrel-bellied carnivores are still the norm, and vegetarianism remains an isolated gesture of gastronomic defiance. Your correspondent recently came across a note scribbled on a paper napkin in a Palermo café which read: "In Argentina vegetarians are for eating." The Economist, de 8/8/2009. [Descrição visual: recorte em preto e branco de uma página de revista, emoldurado por um retângulo. No topo, o título em corpo grande "Bife de lomo, or bean sprouts?"; abaixo dele, sobre tarja cinza-clara, a linha de local "BUENOS AIRES" em versalete pequeno e o subtítulo em negrito. O texto corre em duas colunas e começa com capitular "V" de duas linhas. No pé da coluna da direita há uma charge: um homem corpulento de bigode e camiseta branca, sentado a uma mesa coberta por toalha xadrez, apoia os braços sobre a mesa e olha para um prato grande com um assado; na travessa, um animal/peixe estilizado de expressão assustada aparece deitado entre legumes, e uma ave pequena está empoleirada no ombro/cabeça do homem.]

Fonte: The Economist, 2009-08-08.

Leia o seguinte período extraído do texto: Vegetarian restaurants have lower overheads since they don’t need freezers, says Marisa Ledesma, one of the owners of Bio Restaurante, a smart eatery. (parágrafo 2). Assinale a opção que pode substituir o termo since sem que o sentido da oração seja comprometido.

  1. A) as
  2. B) thus
  3. C) moreover
  4. D) until
  5. E) although
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Resposta correta: A

Em "Vegetarian restaurants have lower overheads since they don't need freezers", since não é temporal: ele introduz a causa dos custos menores, que é a dispensa dos freezers. O único conector das opções que também introduz causa é as, daí a alternativa A. Thus inverte a direção, porque marca consequência: ficaria "não precisam de freezers, portanto têm custos menores" só se as orações trocassem de lugar. Until é temporal, moreover apenas acrescenta informação e although é concessivo, o que faria o texto dizer que os custos são menores apesar de não precisarem de freezers — sem sentido. A dica prática: quando since vier com verbo no presente simples e sem marca de tempo, ele quase sempre vale por because ou as.

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